Azad Hind Fauz The Indian National Army

May 20 2024 8 Min read #history

Rash Behari Bose, 1911 threw a bomb while Viceroy Lord Hardinge was marching in Delhi. He escaped to Japan and was hiding there. Britain and Japan were allies at that time, and there was a constant search for them in Japan. Then Bose got Japanese citizenship to escape this search, married a woman from Japan, and settled there permanently. However, he worked day and night for India's freedom.

There were others like Rash Bose who settled in East Asia and worked for India's independence from there, Baba Amar Singh who settled in Thailand and Baba Usman Khan who settled in Shanghai were prominent among them. Baba Amarasingh in his old age gave proper training to a young man named Giani Pritam Singh and initiated him to work for freedom. Baba Usman Khan not only founded a revolutionary party in Shanghai but also carried out anti-British propaganda. After the Japanese occupation of Thailand in 1941, the 'Thai-Indian Cultural Centre' was transformed into the center of political activities of the Indian independence struggle and named the 'Indian National Council'. This center was established by Swami Satyananda Puri, a disciple of Swami Vivekananda. Later the same center was renamed as 'India Freedom League'. Later, League branches were opened all over East Asian countries.

As the Japanese army advanced into Malaysia on 8 December 1941, the 14th Punjab Regiment engaged the Japanese but eventually surrendered. On December 10, Giani Pritam Singh along with Major Ghuji Wara of the Japanese Army approached Captain Mohanasingh, a senior officer of the Punjab Regiment, held a long discussion with him and agreed to join the Indian Freedom Movement and fight against the British. Mohanasingh and his 54 fellow soldiers swore to risk their lives for India's freedom. Thus, the 'Azad Hind Sena' was symbolically formed on 10th December. ca. Mohan Singh, the General Officer Commanding the Mukti Sena took charge. After that, many soldiers captured by the Japanese were called by the authorities as 'Indian National Army' (INA). He offered to join the so-called Azad Hind Army.

The Japanese army also conquered Singapore on February 15, 1942. The soldiers of the British army who were defeated and captured there were handed over to the Japanese government on the 16th by the British army officer L. K. Hunt. Then Major Fujiwara said, 'On behalf of the Japanese government, take all of you under our control and bring you back. Handing over to Mohan Singh. As the British Empire was now seeing its end, it was time for Indians to claim their freedom. Japan is ready to provide all kinds of assistance to Indians. Although you are technically a British national, it was not your choice. If you refuse it now, Japan is ready to see you as a friend!' said that.

Later, ca. Mohanasingh said, 'The British oppressive rule is coming to an end in the East. They are currently traveling from Malaysia, Thailand, Burma and Singapore. Now it is our responsibility to fight for the freedom of hundreds of millions of people in our country. We formed Azad Hind Sena for that purpose. They include Indian soldiers and civilians. All of you who are settled in eastern countries, join this army I am requesting you to fight for the release of Bharat Mata.' Now to Azad Hind Sena. More than 30 thousand soldiers joined voluntarily. ca. Mohanasingh made Singapore his headquarters.

On March 9, 1942, a meeting of representatives of Thailand, Malaysia, Shanghai, and Hong Kong was held in Singapore. Then M.J. Kimani was promoted to the rank of Major General and appointed as the Commander of the 1st Division of the INA, and later appointed as aide-de-camp to the supreme commander, Netaji.

Another meeting was held in Bangkok on June 15. Representatives of Indian Independence Associations from East Asian countries participated in it. In that meeting, a resolution was passed demanding that Japan give a promise to accept the absolute rule of India by the Japanese government after the British left India. Rash Behari Bose's executive council consisted of General Mohanasingh, Raghavan, KPK Menon, and Colonel G.Q. Gilani was appointed as a member. The Board was joined by the Indian Independence Associations and the INA. Power of leverage was given over. However, this executive council was not very effective. The existence of the board was not taken seriously by the Japanese government. Board members began to distance themselves from President Rash Behari Bose. Especially General Mohanasingh had moved far. Japan INA Unnecessarily interfering in internal matters led to the deterioration of the position of the board. This blunder went so far that General Mohanasingh was arrested in December 1942, he was held in a nearby island until December 1943. Later on, he was released in 1946.

Rash Bihari Bose organized a three-day East Asia Indian Conference on 27 April 1943 in Singapore. In it, I.N.A. Officers and soldiers and all members of the Indian National Associations were excluded and Ras Behari was given a dictatorship.

Subhash Chandra Bose left for the Andaman Islands on 31st December 1943 and set foot on the soil of independent India. That ground is hallowed by the imprisonment and martyrdom of many generations of Indian revolutionaries! Netaji traveled from the Andamans to Burma and established another center of his Provisional Government in Rangoon in January 1944. Because it was close to the border of Hindustan and from there the INA. It was convenient to plan army operations.

INA The Indian residents of Burma were delighted to see the battalions standing ready to go to the Burmese border for battle. He dedicated whatever he could to the Netaji War Fund. The garlands given to Netaji in the meetings were bought in auctions, once, twice, and up to five lakh rupees. Habib, a citizen of Rangoon, saw his house, land , and diamond jewelry worth over crores donated to Netaji's fund. Stood still. Netaji honored him with the 'Sevak-e-Hind' medal in recognition of his selfless service! Now the land is Netaji's ready for military operations a green signal of approval was awaited. The INA was transported from Malaysia to the Burma-India border through Thailand. On February 4, 1944, in the second war of independence of India, INA. The thrilling news of the frontline army firing its first shot in the Arakan battlefield made all Indians burst into jubilation. March 18, 1944. A day to be written in golden letters in the history of Azad Hind Fauj! On that memorable day the army crossed the border and stood on the holy land of India! Netaji called a press conference on March 21 and told the world that great news! The torch of freedom was burning everywhere. The INA was now fighting in eight sectors of the Imphal and Kohinoor areas of the Burma-India border. Colonel S.V. A faction of it under the leadership of Mallik penetrated deep into Indian soil and hoisted the flag of the Azad Hind government at Moirang in Manipur on 14 April. It marked the very first time that the Indian Army freed our motherland from the servitude of the imperialists! Area C is still considered a sacred place, where a memorial has been built to commemorate the Azad Hind Sena. A huge bronze statue of Netaji is erected in that complex. In addition to the Granth Bhandara. INA A museum and spacious halls were built. Moirang is a pilgrimage site for today's generation who want to pay their respects to the martyrs of India's second war of independence! It is a holy place!

azad-hind-fauj-flag [ Azad Hind Fauj Flag ]

Azad Hind Fauj captured the Kohima fort and the Dandu area on the Dimapur-Kohima road on 8 April. On the 13th, Imphal was surrounded from all sides. Then on April 18, Imphal was attacked from all sides.INA penetrated the enemy's northern array. The Battle of Tumula was fought for Imphal on 22nd April. The war extended into May. The enemy army, under the orders of Mountbatten, continued to make a concerted effort to retain Imphal at any cost. INA Was fighting against time. The fiercest Burma Monsoon started moving towards North East India very fast!

The monsoon started on 1st June. That's it. It was pouring in torrents. Due to this great flood, the INA's communication with the battlefront and the supply of food and other materials were waterlogged. The siege of Imphal was lifted on 27 June. Now the enemy retaliated with a defensive action. They were overwhelming in numbers and had an excellent system of arms and supplies of all kinds. Now I.N.A. It was reduced to the pitiable condition of having to fend for itself. In its five months of operation, INA The warriors showed great devotion to the task they had undertaken and bravery in waiting as battleships. While he was engaged in a fierce battle, Netaji made a heartfelt appeal to Mahatma Gandhi in his memorable speech on Rangoon Radio on 4 August 1944. He reviewed the battlefield situation at length and told Gandhiji:

India's last war of independence has just begun. Now the troops of Azad Hind Sena are fighting on our soil of India with great courage and adventure. Our warriors despite being stuck in a difficult legacy, are moving forward with courage, principles slowly but steadily. This armed struggle will continue till the last British man is thrown out of India and the tricolor flies over the Viceroy's House in New Delhi! “O father of our nation, we seek your blessings and best wishes in the holy struggle of India's liberation and freedom. Jaihind!"

Just as Imphal was about to be captured, the INA was swept away by the deluge of rain. The attempt failed. Due to the superior combat armor of the enemy, the INA could not be resisted and had to retreat.