Hindustan Socialist Republican Army

Jul 07 2024 7 Min read #history

An important meeting of independent revolutionaries was convened at Delhi's fossilized Old Fort (Purana Qila) to reunite the revolutionaries and formulate strategies for further operations.More than sixty prominent revolutionaries participated in this meeting. Among them were those from Punjab, North West Frontier Province, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh. Five of them are women. The Bengal revolutionaries did not come because of some differences.

The meeting was held in secret for two days at one of the fossil sites. Bhagatsingh, who was the previous leader and organizer of this meeting, presided over the meeting. Chandrasekhara Azad did not come to the meeting. Police officer Tasaduk Hussain, who was investigating the Kakori train robbery, kept a close eye on him he was unable to come to Delhi.He sent a message through a letter that Bhagat Singh should be treated as his representative and that the power of substitution on his behalf would be his.

The convention paid tribute to those who had died in the struggle against the British and those who had been suffering in prisons for a long time.It formed a central committee for organization. Later regional committees and coordinating committees were formed.

The name of the organization was changed. 'Hindustan Socialist Republican Army' became the new name. The very name of the organization clearly indicated the political leanings of the organization. Theoretically it accepted the socialist system of Russia. By adding "Army" to the name, it was made clear that they were an armed struggle against the British. There was no ambiguity about that now.

Chandrashekhar Azad in his absence H.S.R. Appointed as the Commander-in-Chief of the Army. The appointment was unanimous.

Many members of the organization were told to change their name and identity to maintain secrecy and security. Bhagat Singh had to cut his hair short to avoid the police.Other important resolutions taken by the meeting were:

  1. Bombing the Simon Commission
  2. Setting up bomb-making units
  3. Training youth in bomb-making
  4. Arms stockpiling
  5. Killing the traitors of the Kakori train robbery case
  6. Looting government treasuries for money
  7. Private Individuals were also judged not to be robbed

C.I.D. somehow came to know about this meeting. Police were stationed at all the exit gates of Purana Qila to arrest all the revolutionaries who participated in it. But all the revolutionaries escaped in different guises. Bhagat Singh escaped in the guise of a sadhu.

Chandrashekhar Azad, as Commander-in-Chief of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army, went into action with renewed vigour. He decided to teach to Inspector Tasaduk Hussain who was always following him.

Once in a deserted alley, Azad confronted Tasaduk Hussain, took out his pistol and placed it on his stomach. Hussain trembled with fear. "Hussain, don't come to my house, stay away, otherwise I will be shot in the stomach with many pistol bullets" and let him go. Hussain never came to Azad's trouble after that.

Bhagat Singh went to Kanpura where the Grand Punisher was staying to inform him of the decisions taken by the meeting. Azad already knew many details of the meeting. Both of them realized that there was a severe shortage of funds in the organization.

Azad got a new idea after seeing the new avatar of Bhagat Singh without the moustache. Bhagat Singh's skin color was white and he looked almost British. He also had a habit of wearing a British hat.

Rajguru was also with Bhagat Singh. So they were three people there. He formulated an operational plan. Accordingly he went that night at about 11 o'clock to the house of Sir Dilsukh Roy, a leading merchant of Kanpur, Bhagat wearing a safari shirt and Shorts like the English.He was also wearing a hat.

He looked like an English sahib. Rajguru was holding a file in his hand like a government clerk. Azad was wearing bodyguard uniform.

Seeing him, the watchman of the bungalow got scared and said to the watchman, "Tell the master that Lucknow Governor's P.A has come on government work." He went inside with fear and told the owner about this.

Then Sir Dilsukh Roy was checking the accounts of the day with Muneem (accountant). Both of them turned white when they heard the message brought by the guard. Both looked at each other. No words left Roy's mouth.

Muneem said "I will see" and came out with the guard. He came out and looked through his thick glasses. Seeing an Englishman (Bhagatsingh) standing there with two other officers, he saluted them and took all three inside.

Inside, Muneem said, "Roy ji, this Saheb has come from Governor General Bahadur. His grace is upon us." Said that.

Shet lifted his thick body with difficulty and stood on weak legs and stammered, “Saheb. Why did you take the trouble to come all the way to this poor man's house, if you had said a word, I would have gladly come." Azad, who was wearing uniform, stopped Shet's speech halfway and said, "Shetji, Saheb had to come here for some urgent matter. Saheb has became Governor Saheba's P.A. Those who are with him are the accounting officers of the government," he said.

Shet seated Bhagat and Rajaguru. Muneem ran inside to bring food and drink. Bhagat demonstrates power,he put a piece of biscuit in his mouth and took a sip of juice.Then he pushed the plate away because he didn't like it. Shet Dilsukh Roy looked worried.

Bhagat said, "So, you are Shet Dil Sukh Roy, aren't you?"

"Yes sir, I am. What service do I need?"

"Shet. You may know that our country of England was at war with Germany."

"Yes sir, I know. Our English government won the war. It is a matter of pride for us."

Bhagat nodded and said, “We have won the war. But its cost is huge. England's debt has grown enormous. Therefore, the Queen of England has advised the Viceroy and all the governors of the provinces to collect funds from all the rich people here."

Roy's face turned down, "Sir, I have never arreared taxes."

"Okay, okay, let's see," said Bhagat to Rajaguru, "look at the government list, how much is his due?" asked that.

Rajaguru turned the file over and said, "Sir, Shetji has paid all his taxes. He has not arreared any tax. The only thing he owes is the donation of 25000 rupees to the war fund."

"Twenty-five thousand rupees?" Shet's heart sank.

“That's the help you give to the queen for war expenses. It's not just Shetji. The government has decided to award you the title of 'Raj Bahadur' for your service. This thing the Governor has sent me to inform you.Sir Raj Bahadur shet Dilsukh Roy, my congratulations," said Bhagat, extending his hand generously to Shet, Shet took Bhagat's hand and shook it. It was a wonderful recognition, 'Raj Bahadur degree for just 25 thousand rupees?' Shet couldn't believe his ears.

Said DilSukh Roy was extremely happy, seeing the sudden change in the situation did not leave Muneem's mouth.

Rajaguru said, “Shetji, if you pay us now in cash then Governor Saheb can recommend your name for the rank of Raja Bahadur. It's a ritual we have to complete."

Shetji said to his Muneem, "Why are you standing here like a fool, go, bring the money and give it to Saheb."

Muneem ran inside to fetch the money, saying, "Here, master."

When Bhagat Singh was about to leave after receiving the money, Shetji reminded him about his degree. "Don't worry, Shetji next month, the degree will be conferred in a grand ceremony at the Governor's Court," the team assured.

After the team left, Muneem said. “Shetji, do you know how many years Sir Chhaganlal has been trying to get this Raja Bahadur degree? I want to see the look on his face when he finds out you got that degree without asking."

From the shet's mouth came the exclamation, "God does not do injustice. To whom the award is due, credit is due. Long live the queen of England."

Meanwhile, both of them saw a police team coming inside, surprised. The policeman's face was serious.

The inspector asked, "Shetji, has anyone been here?"

"Yes, the governor's P.A. and two officers came. They took 25000 rupees to the war fund."

“Strange, what was he like Shetji?”

"PA Sahib was white. Tall. Wearing an English hat."

"Anyone else?"

There were two. One was an auditor, the other a bodyguard. He was fat and wore a uniform and had a mustache.

"Shetji, you are deceived. The fat bodyguard is none other than Chandrashekhar Azad. P.A. May be Punjabi radical Bhagatsingh," said the inspector.

"Which way did they go?" asked a police constable.

Shetji was speechless. Muneem pointed where Bhagat Singh's team had gone. The police ran there.