Part 17 and 8th Schedule provide for the definition of official languages. According to Article 343(1) of the Constitution, Hindi is the official Devanagari script of the Central Government. Hindi has been declared as the national language. Article 343(1) allowed the use of English as the official language of the Central Government for a period of 15 years after the Constitution came into force.
The Parliament of India enacted the Official Languages Act in 1963. It allowed the use of English along with Hindi for all official purposes of the Center and in the business of Parliament. This Act ushered in the possibility of using the English language indefinitely.Among the languages used in the state by the legislature of a state under Article 345 of the Constitution Any language can be adopted as an official language. According to Article 346 of the Constitution, English continues to be the language of communication between the States and between the Union of States.
According to Article 348(A) of the Constitution – All proceedings in the Supreme Court and other courts shall be conducted in English language. Also, Article 348 (20) of the Constitution stipulates that all bills, acts, ordinances, orders, rules and bye-laws of the Central and State Governments shall be in English language. On January 26, 1950 there are 14 languages constitution.
22 official languages in India and they are covered under the 8th schedule of the Indian Constitution
| Language | Spoken in Indian State of | Year of Recognition |
|---|---|---|
| Assamese | Assam | 1950 |
| Bengali | West Bengal | 1950 |
| Gujarati | Gujarat | 1950 |
| Hindi | North India | 1950 |
| Kashmiri | Jammu & Kashmir | 1950 |
| Kannada | Karnataka | 1950 |
| Malayalam | Kerala | 1950 |
| Marathi | Maharashtra | 1950 |
| Odia | Odisha | 1950 |
| Punjabi | Punjab | 1950 |
| Sanskrit | Karnataka (Shivamogga District) | 1950 |
| Tamil | Tamil Nadu | 1950 |
| Telugu | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana | 1950 |
| Urdu | Jammu & Kashmir, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh | 1950 |
| Sindhi | Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh | 1967 |
| Konkani | Goa | 1992 |
| Manipuri | Manipur | 1992 |
| Nepali | Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh | 1992 |
| Bodo | Assam and Meghalaya | 2004 |
| Dogri | Jammu and Himachal Pradesh | 2004 |
| Maithili | Bihar and Jharkhand | 2004 |
| Santhali | West Bengal, Jharkhand and Odisha | 2004 |
Advantages of indexed languages
Central Government to provide financial support for the development of sign languages. Works in languages not mentioned in the Eighth Schedule will not be considered for the Jnanpith Award. Also it cannot be used for competitive examination of the center. Non-prescriptive language is not allowed in Parliament.
Legislative Department